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Glass

Borosilicate glass







DRIE etched channels in fused silica





































Micronit uses glass as basic material for its products. Glass has many advantages in relation to other materials: glass is chemically inert, hydrophilic and optically 100% clear. Within the production facilities glass thicknesses between 30 µm and 2.0 mm can be handled.

Micronit uses many different glass types that can be divided in three groups:


Borosilicate
Borosilicate glass is a very commonly used glass type. It can resist strong acids, saline solutions, chlorine, bromine, iodine and strong oxidizing and corrosive chemicals. Even for a longer period of time and at temperatures above 100 ˚C it exceeds the chemical inertness of most metals and other materials.

The glass is produced in a float process; it can be diced manually or with a laser. Borosilicate glass is a mass product, and therefore not expensive. However, the glass is not available in every desired gauge. 

 
Fused silica
For certain applications, borosilicate glass does not have the optimal specifications. Using fused silica can then offer a solution.

Properties
Fused silica is often confused with quartz. But whereas quartz is a crystalline material, fused silica is amorphous, just like other glass types. Fused silica has excellent optical properties and a uniform chemical consistence. Therefore, fused silica is an optimal material for specific applications requiring, for instance, UV detection.

Optical Transmittance
Fused silica has a high optical transmittance, even with low wavelengths. It can be used in applications with a wavelength down to approximately 190 nm. For comparison, most borosilicate glass types need a minimum wavelength of 350 nm.

In the figure shown below, the typical transmittance of borosilicate and fused silica is plotted as a function of the wavelength.

Typical Transmittance

Last but not least, fused silica has lower autofluorescence than borosilicate glass and it can resist higher temperatures. 
 

Soda-Lime
Soda-lime glass is also a common type of industrially produced glass, as it is relatively cheap. It usually contains 65-75% silica, 12-18% soda, 5-15% lime and small amounts of other materials to provide particular properties. Soda-lime glass is resistant neither to high temperatures nor sudden thermal changes, nor to corrosive chemicals.